60Vdc to 5Vdc Convertor ( 60 VDC TO 40 VDC input)

If you want to try to convert high voltage DC to low level up to 5 V , it is hard to tackle such high volt pressure by the normal available regulator ICs in the market , like a  7805 IC which can be use up to 35 Vdc as a input, by increasing the said limit it will stop the output volts , other IC LM317 also have the same issue ,expensive kits or ICs are available in the market , but this circuit can be easily made from a ordinary components, in first circuit the voltage will be converted in the rang of 15 vdc by LM317  , then it is converted again by the 7805 IC for 5vdc output .  actually a high wattage resistor 330R 5W used first to limit the input voltage to for the general regulator ICs , the schematic & PCB designed in eagle CAD , 

SOLAR 12V DC DIMMER Simple

Below mention simple circuit can used as a dimmer in DC range , from  0 to 20 VDC, here a powerful FET were used to deliver much DC Amperes for the appliances ,this Circuit can be easily understand  where here we used only three basic  (3) parts ,FET gate were kept biased between +VE & -VE supply, 100 k were attached between gate & positive supply, on the other side a variable resistor ( 500 K ) were used ,as we know FET behave like a latched on nature , once Gate activated it will remain on until power to the whole circuit disconnected , this issue here can be settle by biasing gate with negative power supply , once FET off due to –VE biasing , it can be easily on by varying biasing between +VE supply , now here 500k can control the output  from the drain , output may be a DC fan , DC LED light , IRFP064N FET is a favorite choice for the normal use , but a good heat sink will be required for the FET to tolerate in high power mode,This circuit is good for specially the fans or the LEDs lights used direct from the solar plates from the roof top, at peak hours ( day time )  the Solar plates deceivers up to 13vdc to 17 vdc  it may cause damage the appliances , but using this circuit it can save the many of our household equipment  due to the voltages  

Add caption

Arduino UNO simple experiments

 This was my first arduino project; it was really a very big success for me in the field of electronics, Actually many guys did not have any idea to develop any best microcontroller based project, because they confused to decide which microcontroller to be used which programmer to used, also they confused about the programmer software, by using the arduino board you didn’t have to worry about the Microcontroller selection, programming software etc., you have only to develop the program, it will be compile the program burn the microcontroller & show they result , every  electronic engineer  should have  experience in the field of microcontroller , because many of electronic circuits can be developed by using microcontroller , in my this simple project I try to write the codes to show some thing on the screen,   you can configure any pin , but here I used arduino pins  2,3,4,5,11,12 & LCD pins are 14,13,12,11,6,4 were used,

• LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
• LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
• LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
• LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
• LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
• LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2

FM Transmitter circuit

FM transmitter having a stable frequency & with a high power (Range) is a tough task to do , actually you can buy a high power FM transmitter , but hard to make it due to the restriction as well as parts availability in the certain areas , in my this circuit the input were taken from the Car MP3 modulator , antenna point at the PCB can be easily found , where they always printed the every point on the PCB , if not found the antenna point then you can use the field strength  meter  (FSM) , antenna will be the peak FSM reading , this signal were then given to the circuit , sometime the RF power from the MP3 found low which cannot derive the  first transistor , for this biasing required from positive supply to the transistor base to boost some hove the input signal , 30 k to 56 k resistor can be used for the biasing ,in first stage I used 2sc2407 transistor ,in the other next stages both 2sc3950 were used , very cheap transistors ,where all these transistor can work very nice in the FM range, RFC were used at the transistor collector which can be easily available in the market  RFC for FM rage will be 0.56 mh  or 0.68 mh (Micro henry)  you don’t have to wound the coil , you can use 2N2219 , 2N3866, 2N2222 instead 2sc2407 , instead of 2sc3905 , you can use 2sc1971 , 2n3553 etc.

  

FM Transmitter 1 Watt ( 88 MHz - 108 MHz)

Below mention transmitter is very simple to assembled , which is consist of only 2 transistors  ( 2SC2407 & 2 SC3950 )  having a stable frequency & with a high power (Range) is a tough task to do , actually you can buy a high power FM transmitter , but hard to make it due to the restriction as well as parts availability in the certain areas , in my this circuit the input were taken from the Car MP3 modulator , antenna point at the PCB can be easily found , where they always printed the every point on the PCB , if not found the antenna point then you can use the field strength  meter  (FSM) , antenna will be the peak FSM reading , this signal were then given to the circuit , sometime the RF power from the MP3 found low which cannot derive the  first transistor , for this biasing required from positive supply to the transistor base to boost some hove the input signal , 30 k to 56 k resistor can be used for the biasing ,in first stage I used 2sc2407 transistor ,in the final stages 2sc3950 were used , very cheap transistors ,where all these transistor can work very nice in the FM range, RFC were used at the transistor collector which can be easily available in the market  RFC for FM rage will be 0.56 mh  or 0.68 mh (Micro henry)  you don’t have to wound the coil , 2-30 PF Variable capacitor ofr fixed 20 PF capacitor can be used, also you can use 2N2219 , 2N3866, 2N2222 instead 2sc2407 , also you can use 2sc1971 , 2n353 instead of 2sc3950.

DC TO DC UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY (48 V DC )

One of my friend demanded to design such a project where there is two different DC power supply ,we need to have un interrupted output , this circuit is designed around 48 Vdc , both power supply input mentioned in the circuit are 48v-1 & 48v-3 , both voltages were then combined by the diode  D1 & D2 , it is then down  converted by the R2 (330R, 5W) to make it in the input Rang of LM317 IC 2 , with the R24 & R25 it output will be near 15 V , then after it 7805 IC were used for fixed 5V supply for the whole circuit. Initially if power applied to the circuit ,Relay K1 will energize due to opto-coupler direct connected to the incoming both power supply while triggering transistor T2, IC C & D  will be energized when relay K1 will activated , actually both gates of IC C & D are set as a timers , when power applied to the IC both timers will start , first timer ( C ) will will trigger T3 realy K2 will energized ,the contact of this relay (6 & 4 ) will be disconnected by resulting Q1 off , here Q1 kept off by the R28 ,will be on by the R30 , the Relay ( 200 Amps) which is (SV2-1)  is normally closed ( ON)  ( with no power ) if Q1 enabled it will results relay activated & the contacts will be separated power will be disconnected, on the other the relay  (SV2-3)  will be  activated by  Q2 from relay K3 driven by the T4 , & T4 will be activated by IC1 D ( other timer). if timer run T4 will activated relay K3  , contacts (8 & 4 ) will make , Q4 will be on , capacitor C3 will remain the relay k2 on till capacitor discharged. Buzzer SG1 will be on when relay K1 activated. Threshold voltage level be adjusted by R1